If you want to read a very funny take on the Occupy Wall Street movement, look here. Financial journalist Michael Lewis, author of “Liar’s Poker,” “Moneyball” and “The Big Short” (about the 2008 global economic meltdown), has penned a mock memorandum from “The Strategy Committee” representing the large Wall Street firms, with advice on how to offset the protesters, particularly those at elite northeastern college campuses once regarded as prime recruiting grounds.
Meanwhile, one of the most interesting things about investing is the long-term disconnect between world events and the behavior of investment markets. Every day, we hear that the markets went up or down as a result of this or that dramatic event or piece of economic data in the news. But if Rip Van Investor had fallen asleep at the start of the 20th century, and woken up with a yawn 100 years later at midnight, December, 1999, he would have been startled to see that his investment in the S&P 500 had gained more than 10% a year, on average, during his 100-year nap. He might fairly have concluded that he’d slept through ten decades of happiness, sunny economic climate and smooth sailing, when in fact the century included two horrible world wars, the Great Depression, the Cold War, the disastrous war in Vietnam, stagflation, a presidential assassination, impeachment hearings, the rise of global terrorism and truly disturbing social trends like reality TV.
2011 proved to be a microcosm example of this odd-but-important investing lesson. If you had gone to sleep on January 1, woken up on December 31 and immediately checked your U.S. stock portfolio, you would have seen the most boring possible outcome: stocks basically unchanged for the year. The Standard & Poor’s 500 index finished the year exactly 0.04 points below its level prior to the opening bell on January 1, 2011. That translates to almost exactly a 0% return, excluding dividends. Add in dividends, and the total return came to 2.11%.
That means it was a boring, uneventful year for investors – right?
In fact, this less-than-inspiring stock market performance was achieved in the most exciting possible way. Remember August, when the average spread between the highs and lows on the S&P 500, per day, was an astonishing 3.39%? Remember all the political bickering over raising the U.S. debt ceiling, when we worried that the United States government was teetering on the brink of default? Or how the S&P credit evaluators stripped the nation of its AAA rating? Yet somehow, despite the best efforts of our politicians, a broad index of U.S. government bonds gained 9.6% for the year.
All year long, we heard one gloomy report after another on housing and real estate, yet the Wilshire REIT index gained 9.24% for the year.
In 2011, we watched the European Union teeter on the edge of collapse, the sovereign debt contagion spreading from Greece to Spain and (gulp!) Italy. Yet the international EAFE index of developed foreign markets closed the year with a quarterly gain of 2.86%, cutting an international investor’s losses down to 14.82% in dollar terms. (EAFE’s emerging markets index, the trendy investment choice for many pundits at the start of the year, was down 20.41% for 2011.)
Amid the Arab Spring uprisings and regime changes in Egypt, Tunisia and Libya, constant tensions over the nuclear program in Iran, the terrible tsunami tragedy leading to a nuclear catastrophe in Japan, and the recent unpredictable regime change in nuclear-armed North Korea, it seemed like every other week there was a reason for investors to believe that the markets would finish 2011 well below their pre-crisis levels.
It’s true that portfolios that held foreign stocks would have shown overall losses for the year. But the bigger picture, here in the U.S., is: Why is there such a broken connection between tragedy, political turmoil and scary headlines, on the one side, and market returns on the other? The answer may be that the underlying forces driving our economic growth are more stable than the headlines suggest. Quietly, despite the best (or worst) efforts of Congress, the U.S. unemployment rate has steadily declined from over 10% at the peak down to 8.6% last month, its lowest level in three years. Factory output is rising, consumer spending has been surprisingly strong, and for the first time in decades, the U.S. is a net energy exporter.
Profits, economic growth and jobs are ultimately created by the ingenuity and hard work of millions (or, globally, billions) of people who come to work every day, put their heads down and accomplish the things set before them. Rip Van Investor would have told you that this drive and initiative was the really big story of the 20th century, more important than the incidental wars, recessions and political bickering. All he had to do was see that his horse and buggy had been replaced by a Lexus, the telegraph he wanted to send could be handled via e-mail and the Internet, and he could walk with wonder through skyscraper cities and see the planes overhead outrun the birds in the sky.
The same hidden underlying force that powers the markets has taken the human species from cave dwellings to a modern electronic age that is still, admittedly, far from perfect. World events have gotten more complicated, more interesting, sometimes more disturbing, so much so that it takes a bit of perspective to see the long-term trend behind the scary headlines, behind the dips and swirls of the markets.
The major U.S. market indices avoided a downturn in 2011 after two strong recovery years. Those who bailed out after the market took any of its many tumbles would have risked missing the year’s many improbable, unpredictable recoveries. Rip Van Investor came out all right – and suffered a lot less anxiety than the rest of us.
Debt crisis timeline: http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/info-EZdebt0210.html
Year in review: http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/12/22/us-markets-investing-yearinreview-idUSTRE7BL1GH20111222
Job market shifts: http://finance.yahoo.com/news/us-job-market-ends-better-215423241.html
Wilshire index data: http://www.wilshire.com/Indexes/calculator/
Russell index data: http://www.russell.com/indexes/data/daily_total_returns_us.asp
S&P index data: http://www.standardandpoors.com/indices/sp-500/en/us/?indexId=spusa-500-usduf–p-us-l–
Nasdaq index data: http://quicktake.morningstar.com/Index/IndexCharts.aspx?Symbol=COMP
International indices:http://www.mscibarra.com/products/indices/international_equity_indices/performance.html
Commodities index data: http://www.standardandpoors.com/indices/sp-gsci/en/us/?indexId=spgscirg–usd—-sp——
Treasury market rates: http://www.bloomberg.com/markets/rates-bonds/government-bonds/us/